1. What is Transferrin Iron Saturation (TSAT)?

Transferrin saturation (TSAT) is a medical laboratory value that represents the percentage of transferrin that is saturated with iron. It is calculated using serum iron and either total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) or unsaturated iron-binding capacity (UIBC).

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the TSAT equation:

Where:

• \( Iron \) — Serum iron concentration in μg/dL
• \( UIBC \) — Unsaturated iron-binding capacity in μg/dL

Explanation: The equation calculates the percentage of transferrin binding sites occupied by iron.

3. Importance of TSAT Calculation

Details: TSAT is used to evaluate iron status and diagnose iron deficiency or iron overload. It's particularly important in managing patients with chronic kidney disease and anemia.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter serum iron and UIBC values in μg/dL. Both values must be positive numbers for accurate calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a normal TSAT value?
A: Normal range is typically 20-50%. Values below 20% suggest iron deficiency, while values above 50% may indicate iron overload.

Q2: How does TSAT differ from serum ferritin?
A: TSAT reflects current iron availability, while ferritin reflects iron stores. Both are needed for complete iron status assessment.

Q3: When should TSAT be measured?
A: TSAT is particularly useful when evaluating anemia, especially in chronic diseases like CKD, heart failure, or inflammatory conditions.

Q4: Are there limitations to TSAT?
A: TSAT can be affected by inflammation, liver disease, and recent iron administration. It's best interpreted with other iron indices.

Q5: How often should TSAT be monitored in CKD patients?
A: For CKD patients on ESA therapy, guidelines recommend monitoring every 1-3 months depending on treatment phase and stability.